Overview of TypeScript

TypeScript is a superset of JavaScript that compiles to plain JavaScript. It adds optional static typing to the language, enhancing development with improved tooling and better error detection. Learn more at TypeScript Official Site.

Key Features of TypeScript:

• Static Typing: Enables type-checking at compile time. Source
• Enhanced IDE Support: Better autocompletion and navigation features. Source
• Compatible with JavaScript: You can gradually adopt TypeScript. Source
• Rich Configuration Options: Fine-tune the compiler settings. Source

Basic Syntax

TypeScript uses type annotations to define variable types. Here’s a simple example:

let message: string = "Hello, TypeScript!";
    console.log(message);

TypeScript Examples:

Here are some basic examples of TypeScript code:

1. Basic Function

function add(a: number, b: number): number {
        return a + b;
    }
    
    console.log(add(5, 3)); // Output: 8

Source

2. Interface Example

interface Person {
        name: string;
        age: number;
    }
    
    const person: Person = { name: "Alice", age: 30 };
    console.log(person.name); // Output: Alice

Source

3. Class Example

class Animal {
        constructor(public name: string) {}
        
        speak() {
            console.log(`${this.name} makes a noise.`);
        }
    }
    
    const dog = new Animal("Dog");
    dog.speak(); // Output: Dog makes a noise.

Source

Data Types in TypeScript

TypeScript supports various data types, including:

• Number: Both integers and floating-point numbers (e.g., 1, 2.5). Source
• String: Text data (e.g., "Hello, TypeScript!"). Source
• Boolean: True or false values. Source
• Array: Collections of items (e.g., [1, 2, 3]). Source
• Tuple: Fixed-length arrays with specific types (e.g., [string, number]). Source
• Enum: A way to define named constants.

Control Flow

TypeScript uses control flow statements such as if, for, and while:

for (let i = 0; i < 5; i++) {
        console.log(i);
    }

Source

Functions in TypeScript

Functions are defined similarly to JavaScript, with optional type annotations:

function greet(name: string): string {
        return `Hello, ${name}!`;
    }
    
    console.log(greet("Alice")); // Output: Hello, Alice!

Source

Common Libraries and Frameworks

Some popular libraries and frameworks include:

• Angular: A platform for building mobile and desktop web applications. Visit Angular's official site.
• React: A library for building user interfaces. Check out React's official website.
• Vue.js: A progressive framework for building user interfaces. Visit Vue.js official site.

Best Practices

Here are some best practices for writing TypeScript code:

• Use strict typing to catch errors early. Source
• Use interfaces to define object shapes. Source
• Organize code into modules for better maintainability. Source
• Comment your code to explain complex logic. Source
• Follow consistent coding style (e.g., TSLint or Prettier). Source

Learning Resources

Here are some great resources to learn TypeScript:

• Official TypeScript Documentation
• Codecademy TypeScript Course
• Udemy TypeScript Courses
• TypeScript Exercises